How can phrenic nerve damage be prevented during an ablation procedure?

Preventing phrenic nerve damage during an ablation procedure is crucial, particularly when targeting areas near the right superior pulmonary vein, which is in close proximity to the phrenic nerve. Pacing at a high output in this specific location allows for real-time monitoring of diaphragmatic movement. If the phrenic nerve is inadvertently affected during the procedure, changes in diaphragm function can be detected through pacing stimulation; this serves as a warning signal, prompting immediate adjustments to avoid permanent nerve damage.

This technique essentially provides a safety mechanism, allowing the physician to monitor the function of the phrenic nerve while performing the ablation. If there's any indication of phrenic nerve involvement, the physician can modify their approach or technique to minimize risk. Other options may not effectively address the need for real-time monitoring of the phrenic nerve, which is essential for preventing damage during ablation.