How does atrial fibrillation typically affect the risk of stroke?

Atrial fibrillation significantly increases the risk of stroke due to the nature of the condition itself. In atrial fibrillation, the heart's upper chambers (the atria) experience chaotic electrical activity, leading to ineffective and irregular contractions. This irregularity can cause blood to pool in the atria, particularly in an area called the left atrial appendage. When blood clots form in this pooling blood, they can dislodge and travel to the brain, resulting in a stroke.

Research has shown that individuals with atrial fibrillation are five times more likely to suffer a stroke compared to those without the condition. The increased risk is particularly pertinent to older adults, although it can affect individuals of all ages. Management strategies, such as anticoagulation therapy, are often recommended to mitigate this stroke risk in patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation.

The options that suggest a reduction in risk, no impact, or age-specific effects do not align with the well-established understanding of atrial fibrillation's pathophysiology and its implications for stroke risk. Therefore, the correct assertion is that atrial fibrillation increases the risk of stroke for those affected.