In AF, what happens to the excitability of cardiac cells during electrical remodeling?

During electrical remodeling in atrial fibrillation (AF), the excitability of cardiac cells increases. This phenomenon occurs due to various cellular and ionic changes, such as alterations in ion channel function, which can enhance the spontaneous activity of cardiac myocytes.

As AF persists, the changes that occur in the atrial tissue lead to an increased likelihood of ectopic foci firing, promoting further arrhythmogenesis. This heightened excitability can create an environment conducive to sustained atrial fibrillation, making it challenging to restore normal sinus rhythm.

Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies aimed at managing AF and preventing its recurrence. High excitability contributes to the perpetuation of AF, thus highlighting the importance of addressing these electrical remodeling changes in clinical practice.