What is rhythm control in atrial fibrillation management?

Rhythm control in the management of atrial fibrillation specifically refers to the strategies aimed at restoring and maintaining a normal heart rhythm, often referred to as sinus rhythm. This approach is particularly important for patients who experience symptoms related to their atrial fibrillation or who may be at risk for complications such as heart failure or stroke. By using medications like antiarrhythmics or procedures such as cardioversion or ablation, healthcare providers focus on returning the heart to its normal rhythm, thus potentially improving quality of life and reducing the risk of adverse long-term outcomes.

The emphasis on rhythm control contrasts with rate control, which primarily focuses on managing the ventricular rate during atrial fibrillation rather than trying to restore normal rhythm. Therefore, rhythm control is vital for certain patients, especially those with persistent symptoms or those who have not tolerated rate control strategies. This approach aligns with evidence-based guidelines that suggest rhythm control is beneficial in specific clinical scenarios.