What is the goal of circumferential pulmonary vein isolation?

Circumferential pulmonary vein isolation is a procedure performed to prevent atrial fibrillation by isolating the electrically active regions of the pulmonary veins. The pulmonary veins can trigger or perpetuate episodes of atrial fibrillation due to ectopic foci—areas that can discharge electrical impulses independently of the normal heart rhythm.

By electrically isolating these veins from the surrounding atrial myocardium, the procedure aims to block any stray electrical signals originating from the pulmonary veins, thereby reducing the likelihood of atrial fibrillation episodes. This isolation helps create a barrier that prevents the erratic electrical impulses in the pulmonary veins from influencing the atria.

The other objectives listed, such as increasing heart rate or eliminating AV node conduction, do not align with the purpose of this specific intervention, which focuses solely on isolating the pulmonary veins to manage atrial fibrillation, rather than attempting to restore normal rhythm directly or manipulate heart rates.