Which risk factor is commonly associated with the development of atrial fibrillation?

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is widely recognized as a significant risk factor for the development of atrial fibrillation (AF). The relationship between hypertension and AF is well-documented; chronic elevated blood pressure can lead to structural and electrical remodeling of the heart. Over time, this can alter the normal conduction pathways and atrial structure, facilitating the development of AF. Increased pressure within the heart can cause enlargement of the atria, particularly the left atrium, which creates a substrate conducive to abnormal electrical activity and arrhythmias.

In contrast, options related to high levels of physical activity, low cholesterol levels, and a balanced diet generally promote cardiovascular health and are not associated with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation. In fact, engaging in regular physical activity may help lower the risk of AF, while low cholesterol levels and a balanced diet can contribute to overall heart health. Therefore, hypertension stands out as a primary risk factor for atrial fibrillation, highlighting the importance of blood pressure management in the prevention of this arrhythmia.